Prevalence of suicidal plans among college students in mainland China: a Metaanalysis / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The metaanalysis aims to estimate the prevalence of suicide plan among college students in mainland China, and to provide more clues and reference for control and prevention of suicide.@*Methods@#The relevant studies were systematically searched via electronic databases (PubMed，Embase，CNKI，Wan Fang Data，VIP). We only selected original articles that either reported on Chinese retrieval words of "college students" "undergraduate" "university" "college" "colleges and universities" "suicide plans" "detection rate" "prevalence" "report rate", and the English retrieval words of "undergraduate" "college" "university" "suicide" "suicidality" "suicide plans" "suicidal plans suicide intending" "prevalence" "report rate" "detection rate" "China" "Chinese". And Stata 12.0 software was used to make a metaanalysis of the data.@*Results@#A total of 18 eligible studies, with 47 071 college students, were finally included. The maximum and minimum reported prevalence of suicidal plan among college students in China mainland was 4.4%(95%CI: 3.4%-5.4%).Subgroup analyses showed that the pooled estimate of suicidal plan of boys(5.4%) was higher than girls’(4.2%); The prevalence among college students from earth, middle and west areas were 5.1%，2.7%，4.5%, respectively; The prevalence among college students in 2010 and after (4.4%)was higher than that before 2010(4.3%), The prevalence among college students of life time suicide plan (4.9%)was higher than that during the past 12 months(4.0%), but there was no statistical significance in the subgroup(P>0.05) . Sensitivity analysis suggested that the results of metaanalysis were relatively stable, while funnel plot analysis suggested that publication bias might exist.@*Conclusion@#Prevalence of suicidal plans among college students in mainland China is respectively low, and there was no statistical significance in gender, region, the period of time and simple size.

Incidence of Otitis Media with Effusion in Adenoid Hypertrophy with Allergic Rhinitis in Children / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

Objective]In order to study the impact of adenoid hypertrophy(AH)with allergic rhinitis(AR)in the otitis media with effusion(OME)in children,as well as to discuss the risk factors on the inducement of OME in patients with AH.[Methods]The clinical materials were collected and analyzed from 205 children with AH who admitted for surgical treatment between 2013 and 2015, including medical history and signs,acoustic immittance measurement,allergy screen as well as blood routine,and to evaluate the situation of OME and AR in patients with AH. All the data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0.[Results]Among the 205 AH children,66 cases(32.20%)were accompanying with OME. The AH patients aged 3-5 years had the highest incidence of OME,which decreased with age(P=0.018). It is significant on the prevalence of the OME in patients with AH between the two groups with and without AR (P = 0.010). In the logistic model investigating the risk factors of inducing OME among patients with AH,the third-degree AH, Type-three and the accompanying with AR were significant. The third-degree and third-type AH children were 2.729 and 6.390-folds higher than others respectively (P = 0.047,P = 0.001). The incidence of OME appeared to be 1.212-folds higher among patients with AR(P = 0.010).[Conclusion]Mechanical obstruction and AR played a superimposed role in the inducement of OME among patients with AH,which was effected by multiple factors. We should pay attention to the“lateral respiratory”allergic diseases on eustachian tube and middle ear.

Clinical characteristics in patients with allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis in Guangzhou / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To obtain and compare the clinical characteristics in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR) and nonallergic rhinitis(NAR) and investigate the trends in the proportion of AR and NAR in recent 10 years in Guangzhou. METHODS 5486 patients with nasal hyper-reactivity symptoms were divided into the AR group and NAR group. Clinical data including gender, age distribution and seasonality were analyzed. RESULTS The trends in the proportion of AR and NAR during the past decade did not change significantly. Male made up the majority of AR patients and NAR patients and AR patients were significantly younger than NAR patients. Male AR patients were significantly younger than females, while there were no significant difference in the age distribution among the male NAR patients and female ones. As the age increasing, the proportion of AR and NAR patients in overall study population present opposite tendency. The main onset season in AR was summer and in NAR was winter in Guangzhou city. CONCLUSION There were significant differences between AR and NAR in age, gender and seasonality. However, the trends in the proportion of AR and NAR in recent 10 years did not change significantly in Guangzhou.

Compliance to sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis in Guangzhou city / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo study the compliance to sublingual immunotherapy(SLIT) in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR) in Guangzhou city.METHODSFrom January 2014 to May 2014, 202 patients with AR received SLIT were followed up by telephone. According to age, the patients were divided into group A(age0.05). Main reasons for poor compliance included poor efficacy (48.48%), insufficient education about SLIT (16.67%), inconvenience (15.15%), and adverse reactions(10.61%).CONCLUSION In Guangzhou city, lost follow-up rate in AR patients receiving SLIT is high. Compliance to SLIT is relatively low and improvements shall be made.

Correlation of gammadelta-T-cells, Th17 cells and IL-17 in peripheral blood of patients with allergic rhinitis.

BACKGROUD: Gammadelta-T-cells play an important role in the mucosal immune system of the respiratory tract. Th17 cells plays an important role in promoting inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Th17 cells mainly secrete IL-17. However, little information is available on the relation between gammadelta-T-cells and Th17 cells in allergic rhinitis (AR). OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between the prevalence of gammadelta-T-cells, the prevalence of Th17 cells and the expression of IL-17 in the peripheral blood of patients with AR. METHODS: Peripheral blood from the AR group (32 cases) and the control group (20 cases) was collected from March 2012 to July 2012. The percentages of gammadelta-T-cells and Th17 cells were measured by flow cytometry, and the levels of IL-17 were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The percentage of gammadeta-T-cells and Th17 cells in the AR group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The levels of IL-17 in the AR group were also significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). There were positive correlations between the gammadelta-T-cell percentage and the Th17 cell percentage in the peripheral blood of AR patients (r = 0.597, P < 0.01); and between the gammadelta-T-cells percentage and the levels of IL-17 (r = 0.469,P < 0.01). However, no correlation was found between the Th17 cell percentage and the levels of IL-17 (r = 0.100, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Gammadelta-T-cells and Th17 cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of AR; gammadelta-T-cells may primarily be associated with the secretion of IL-17.

Aeroallergen Specific IgE in Serum of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective] To study the aeroallergens in the patients with allergic rhinitis in Guangzhou.[Methods] Using the German screen allergens quantitative detection system to determinate serum aeroallergen specific IgE and total IgE levels of 625 cases with allergic rhinitis diagnosed in The Third Hospital of SUN Yat-sen University.The samples were stratified on two age groups:the juvenile and the adult.Difference of serum aeroallergen specific IgE of the two groups was investigated.[Results]Aeroallergen specific IgE antibody in the serum of 625 patients with allergic rhinitis were positive.Total IgE in serum was positive in 413 cases,accounting for 66.1%.The positive rate of total IgE was less than that of aeroallergen specific IgE.The positive rate of aeroallergen specific IgE in order were mite mixture (84.32%),cockroach (19.04%),cypress (15.20%),cat-dog epithelia (13.12%),tree mixture (7.20%),ragweed (5.12%),humulus lupulus (1.76%),mugwort (1.76%),mould mixture (1.44%).In the two groups,the positive rate of aeroallergen specific IgE in order were similar.There were significantly higher sensitivity and positive rate of mite mixture in the juvenile group than the adult group (P ＜ 0.01).[Conclusion] The most important aeroallergens are mite mixture,cockroach,cypress,cat-dog epithelia,which could be referenced as Guangzhou patients .The juvenile is more sensitive to mite than the adult.

The audiograms of 462 tinnitus victims who never perceived hearing loss / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors of tinnitus and provide evidence for tinnitus prevention.@*METHOD@#Retrospectively analyzed the audiograms and the risk factors of 462 tinnitus victims who never perceived hearing loss, find the relationship between every risk factor and tinnitus.@*RESULT@#The rate of tinnitus victims with high frequency hearing loss was the 46.1%, with low frequency hearing loss was 15.8%, with single middle frequency notch was 11.04%, with an audiogram like upset-basin was 7.58%, with normal audiogram was 14.07%, with other type of audiograms was 5.41%. The age distribution in the high frequency hearing loss group was mainly between 30 and 40 years, in the upset-basin hearing loss group was mainly older than 50 years, and in the other groups, mainly between 20 and 30 years. In the high frequency hearing loss group, male to female ratio was 158/55, in the low frequency hearing loss group and single middle frequency notch group ,male to female ratio was 14/59 and 12/39 respectively. In another three groups, the male to female ratio was nearly 1. Risk factors for high frequency hearing loss group, low frequency hearing loss, single middle frequency notch group and in the upset-basin hearing loss group were noise, fatigue, long-time musical instrument contact and ageing respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Among the tinnitus victims who never perceived hearing loss, 86% of them have hearing impairment in high frequency area, low frequency area or single middle frequency. The rate of high frequency hearing loss was 46.01%, the major risk factor was noise, most of victims were men. The rate of low frequency hearing loss was 15.8%, the major risk factor was fatigue and nervous, most of the victims were women. The rate of single middle frequency notch was 11.04%, the major risk factor was long-time musical instrument contact. The rate of upset-basin hearing loss was 7.58%, ageing was the major risk factor.

Indoor Air Pollution Caused by Smoking / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To understand the indoor air pollution caused by smoking and the influencing factors.Methods On the different time after and before smoking,the concentrations of carbon monoxide(CO),inhalabe particle(IP),formaldehyde,total volatile organic compounds(TVOC) in the air in an office were determined,the influence factors such as ventilated conditions and the number of smokers were investigated.Results When the windows and doors were closed,the concentrations of indoor air pollutants at the different time after smoking in the office were obviously higher than those without smoking,and formaldehyde and TVOC still exceeded the standard limit after 3 hours.When the windows and doors were opened,the concentrations of indoor air pollutants after smoking increased obviously,but decreased to the level of no smoking about 30 minutes later.When the windows and doors were opened,the peak values of the indoor air pollutants resulted by smoking were obviously lower than those when the windows and doors were closed.The peak values of the pollutants were positively related to the number of smokers. Conclusion Indoor air pollution caused by smoking is serious.Ventilation can reduce the indoor air pollution effectively.

Investigation on Traffic Noise Pollution Caused by Overhead Road / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To understand the pollution of the traffic noise from the overhead road in the city. Methods The time, the level and the vertical distribution and the influence factors (traffic flux, switch window, soundproofing barrier) of the traffic noise from overhead road were detected and analyzed. Results 24 h time distribution of traffic noise from the overhead road had 3 peaks: about 9 o'clock, 18 o'clock and 22 o'clock and the traffic noise level reached 73.73 dB, 73.95 dB and 73.37 dB respectively. All the equivalent sound level exceeded the standard limit. The peak value epoch of the traffic flux was consistent with the peak value epoch of the traffic noise. The traffic noise from the overhead road increased along with the floor heightening. The traffic noise from overhead road weakened gradually along with the increased level distance. The traffic noise decreased by about 13 dB on the place being 15 m away from the overhead road and decreased by about 17 dB on the place being 30 m away from overhead road. Closing windows could obviously cut off the traffic noise and reduced the noise by about 13 dB in the room. The soundproofing barrier could reduce the noise by about 5 dB in the room. No matter the window was closed or not and there was a soundproofing barrier or not, the noise in the room near by the overhead road exceeded the standard limit. Conclusion The traffic noise pollution caused by overhead road exceeds the national standard in different degree and it should be controlled.

Indoor Air Pollution in Chaffy Dish Restaurant / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To investigate the indoor air pollution of chaffy dish restaurant using different kinds of fuels or utensils. Methods The concentration of carbon monoxide (CO),carbon dioxide (CO2) and inhalable particle (IP) were determined 30,60,90,120 and 150 minutes respectively before and after the chaffy dish restaurants were opened in Mar. 2006. Results Before the restaurants were opened,the concentrations of CO and CO2 except IP did not exceed the standard limits. After opened,the concentrations of CO,CO2 and IP in chaffy dish restaurants which use different kinds of fuels or utensils exceed the standard limits in different degrees except the concentration of CO in chaffy dish restaurant using the infrared utensil. The concentration of CO in chaffy dish restaurant that used charcoal as fuel was the highest and more than the standard limits by 7 times. The concentrations of CO,CO2 and IP in chaffy dish restaurants which used the infrared utensil were obviously lower than those in which used the common liquefied gas utensil. The concentration of CO in chaffy dish restaurants which used charcoal as fuel was obviously higher than those used liquefied gas utensils. Conclusion The indoor air pollution of chaffy dish restaurants is extremely severe and it has the potential harm to the health of the customers in restaurants.